FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
Forestry
Forestry
It is rooted in the basic sciences of biology, chemistry and mathematics and is performed with the applied sciences of ecology, silviculture, and management. While science guides the decisions of a forester, it does not make them for him or her. Foresters must apply their knowledge in a decision-making arena where good solutions are not always obvious, conflicting human interests must be considered, and conflicting opinions must be compromised. This need for experienced judgment, diplomacy and tact constitutes the art of forestry.
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, provides that
notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time
being in force in a State, no State Government or other authority
shall make, except with the prior approval of the Central
Government, any order directing-
(i) that any reserved forest (within the meaning of the expression
“reserved forest” in any law for the time being in force in that
State) or any portion thereof, shall cease to be reserved;
(ii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be used for any
non- forest purpose;
(iii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be assigned by
way of lease or otherwise to any private person or to any
authority, corporation, agency or any other organization not
owned, managed or controlled by Government; and
(iv) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be cleared of
trees which have grown naturally in that land or portion, for the
purpose of using it for reafforestation.
The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 recognizes the rights of the forest dwelling tribal communities and other traditional forest dwellers to forest resources, on which these communities were dependent for a variety of needs, including livelihood, habitation and other socio-cultural needs.
The origin of the word fauna is a bit shrouded in mystery. According to Roman mythology, Fauna refers to the goddess of fertility. Fauna is sometimes referred to as Fauns, meaning forest spirits. By definition, fauna is a group of indigenous animals of any geographical region.
So, the term flora and fauna was coined by biologists to refer to a collection of plant and animal specifies in a given geographic location. This is why you hear phrases like flora and fauna of India, flora, and fauna of Indonesia and so on
It is rooted in the basic sciences of biology, chemistry and mathematics and is performed with the applied sciences of ecology, silviculture, and management. While science guides the decisions of a forester, it does not make them for him or her. Foresters must apply their knowledge in a decision-making arena where good solutions are not always obvious, conflicting human interests must be considered, and conflicting opinions must be compromised. This need for experienced judgment, diplomacy and tact constitutes the art of forestry.
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, provides that
notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time
being in force in a State, no State Government or other authority
shall make, except with the prior approval of the Central
Government, any order directing-
(i) that any reserved forest (within the meaning of the expression
“reserved forest” in any law for the time being in force in that
State) or any portion thereof, shall cease to be reserved;
(ii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be used for any
non- forest purpose;
(iii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be assigned by
way of lease or otherwise to any private person or to any
authority, corporation, agency or any other organization not
owned, managed or controlled by Government; and
(iv) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be cleared of
trees which have grown naturally in that land or portion, for the
purpose of using it for reafforestation.
The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 recognizes the rights of the forest dwelling tribal communities and other traditional forest dwellers to forest resources, on which these communities were dependent for a variety of needs, including livelihood, habitation and other socio-cultural needs.
The origin of the word fauna is a bit shrouded in mystery. According to Roman mythology, Fauna refers to the goddess of fertility. Fauna is sometimes referred to as Fauns, meaning forest spirits. By definition, fauna is a group of indigenous animals of any geographical region.
So, the term flora and fauna was coined by biologists to refer to a collection of plant and animal specifies in a given geographic location. This is why you hear phrases like flora and fauna of India, flora, and fauna of Indonesia and so on
GIS
GIS
A geographic information system (GIS) is a framework for gathering, managing, and analyzing data. Rooted in the science of geography, GIS integrates many types of data. It analyzes spatial location and organizes layers of information into visualizations using maps and 3D scenes. With this unique capability, GIS reveals deeper insights into data, such as patterns, relationships, and situations—helping users make smarter decisions.
GPS stands for Global Positioning System by which anyone can always obtain the position information anywhere in the world.
Geotagging is the process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as photographs, video, websites, or RSS feeds and is a form of geospatial metadata. These data usually consist of latitude and longitude coordinates, though they can also include altitude, bearing, accuracy data, and place names.
Georeferencing is the process of assigning locations to geographical objects within a geographic frame of reference. It is fundamental to geospatial technologies in general, and geographic information system (GIS) in particular. Depending on the spatial resolution in effect, georeferencing mechanisms can be generally classified into metric georeferencing and indirect georeferencing. Metric georeferencing, also called continuous georeferencing, is coordinate-based. Every location on the earth surface can be specified by a set of values (coordinate) in a coordinate system. Metric georeferencing underpins GIS databases, which contain collections of spatial features referenced by coordinates. Based on existing metrically georeferenced GIS databases, indirect georeferencing methods retrieve the metrically georeferenced locations through attribute data. For example, the attribute could be the name or index associated with a location. Alternatively, it can be some spatial relations such as topological relations or distance relations. A few variations of indirect georeferencing methods exist, among which discrete georeferencing (also termed as geocoding) is very commonly used in human geography and many other fields.